The ESP-01 is a low-cost, Wi-Fi module that can add wireless capability to a variety of microcontroller-based projects. Its small form factor and array of GPIO pins make it an ideal choice for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, allowing designers to easily connect their devices to a local Wi-Fi network. Featuring the ESP8266 chip, the ESP-01 module provides reliable connectivity and support for the 802.11 b/g/n standards. It can be easily programmed using the AT command set, making it accessible to developers who are new to Wi-Fi and IoT development. The module also supports deep-sleep mode, allowing for low power consumption in battery-operated applications. The pinout of the ESP-01 module includes 8 GPIO pins, which can be configured for various functions such as digital input/output, PWM, ADC, and more. Additionally, it features a UART interface for serial communication with a microcontroller, enabling seamless integration into existing projects. With its compact size and versatile pinout, the ESP-01 is a popular choice for adding Wi-Fi connectivity to microcontroller-based projects.